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Important Disclaimer: The peptides discussed in this article (BPC-157, TB-500, and others) are not FDA-approved for cosmetic or surgical recovery purposes

Vitamin D deficiency is one of the most common issues this treatment can help address

Footnotes GSH is used here to indicate the thiol (reduced) form of glutathione while GSSG denotes the disulfide form

These changes suggest that oxidative stress impacts ECM balance and can contribute to cartilage disorders, such as OA, through different mechanisms than what is usually observed with inflammatory stimulus, offering new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative stress in chondrocytes