[20] Pernicious anemia may be present without a person experiencing symptoms at first, over time, feeling tired and weak, lightheadedness, dizziness, headaches, rapid or irregular heartbeat, breathlessness, glossitis (a sore red tongue), poor ability to exercise, low blood pressure, cold hands and feet, pale or yellow skin, easy bruising and bleeding, low-grade fevers, tremor, cold sensitivity, chest pain, upset stomach, nausea, loss of appetite, heartburn, weight loss, diarrhea, constipation, severe joint pain, feeling abnormal sensations including tingling or numbness to the fingers and toes ( pins and needles ), and tinnitus, may occur
& Bonhoeffer, T
Cardiac studies show elimination of arrhythmias in rat models and protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury
The majority of patients are asymptomatic, but they may complain of fatigue or malaise and a sensation of fullness or discomfort in the right upper abdomen