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Tissue was homogenized by probe sonication (2 10 pulses, 40% power output), and particulate matter was removed by passing samples through 0.4 m syringe filters

We hope to provide inspiration and ideas for future studies in the mechanism and targets of HO-1 through this review

The rate of change in optical density, measured at 412 nm, is directly proportional to the glutathione reductase activity in the sample

The theoretical maximum amount in solution is determined by the relative amounts of its pH-dependent unprotonated and protonated forms and follows the Henderson-Hasselbalch and precipitation-pH (pHp) models ( Figures 3 , and S4, S5, in Supplemental Information )